Skip to Main Content
Libraries
askus Ask us
 

Collection Management Services

Information on Collection Management Services and Operations

Introduction to Cataloguing

Cataloguing: Where Do I Start?

You have been asked to catalogue something and you have an item in hand or on the screen. Where do you start? What are the main aspects you need to consider as you begin your descriptive work? The following outlines various aspects of the resource you will want to consider.

What Type of Record are You Working On?

There are various types of records you will encounter as you carry out your cataloguing work:

  • The Bibliographic Record holds the majority of descriptive information about the resource. It is where you record the title, author, publisher, publication dates, subject headings, series information, and other information that the user will use to try to find, identify, and select an appropriate resource.
  • The Holding Record indicates more specific information on the physical location, library, and call number. It outlines how many volumes the library holds, perhaps how it was acquired, and includes notes specific to particular physical volumes held by UVic Libraries.
  • The Item Record is the most specific record. It refers to a specific single physical item in UVic Libraries' collections. Typical information contained at the Item level is barcode and circulation information. Note that until October 2022, UVic Libraries did not usually create item records for resources in UVic Special Collections and University Archives material, nor print serial issues held at Mearns-McPherson. 
  • The Authority Record provides a standardized form of preferred name for people, organizations/corporate bodies, families, titles, subject headings, series, genre headings, and other types of information. You will typically not create this as part of routine cataloguing but you will be required to authorize "headings" in your bibliographic record according to existing authority records.

Usual workflow is to start with the bibliographic record - checking authority records during this process, move on to the holding record, and finally to the item record (when applicable).

 

What Format and Language Is it?

Is your resource physical? Electronic? Is it a music score, manuscript, DVD? Is it a monograph (a single published resource like a book) or a serial (something continuously published)? Is your resource in English or another language? Depending on the answer to these questions, you will also need to follow specific instructions in how to catalogue them.

The Formats section of this LibGuide will provide additional guidance.

For non-English language material, see the Non-English language section.

 

To Which Library and/or Location does the Resource Belong?

There are special instructions for libraries and locations. See the Libraries and Locations section for further instruction.

 

Where did the resource come from / how was it acquired?

Was the resource a gift? Is it a standing order or continuing resource? Was it purchased on a particular endowment fund? Depending on how the resource was acquired, there may be particular metadata to add or handling instructions.

 

Is the resource an added copy or volume?

Is the resource an additional copy of something the library already owns? Or is it an additional volume of a multi-volume set? If so, there are specific instructions for how to handle this material.

 

Bibliographic

The Bibliographic Record

The Bibliographic Record is where the majority of the descriptive information about the resource resides. Sometimes this is transcribed information from the resource itself (like Title or Publisher), other values are standardized according to various rules (mostly RDA - see below).

Several standards are used to encode the bibliographic record.

Foremost among them is the MARC21 Bibliographic Standard. This specifies how to encode the data and (in certain circumstances), what data to include.

RDA (the current content standard) specifies what data to include and in many cases how it should be constructed/formatted. RDA is accessed through the RDA Toolkit and (more directly for UVic, our RDA Local Workflows). A new version of RDA is available (in the new Toolkit) and new instructions will be created once we decide to implement it locally. 

Various vocabularies are also employed within the MARC Bibliographic Record. Name vocabularies (Library of Congress/NACO or LCNAF) are used for personal names, corporate bodies, families, meetings/conferences, uniform titles, and series titles. Subject headings are assigned to indicate what the resource is "about" (e.g. History, Winston Churchill, World War II), genre vocabularies are used to indicate what the resource "is" (e.g. biography, journal, newspaper). Other vocabularies are used like the RDA Content, Media, and Carrier fields ; or the MARC Geographic Codes. 

MARC Field  UVic Usage
024   GOBI - POL # (do not delete)
035 Voyager Bib ID  - prefixed by (CaBViV)2495080-uvicdb-Voyager ; Old Law Bib IDs - prefixed by "uviclw" ; OCLC number ; other various system numbers
561 Provenance information : add to Special Collections material only - see SCUA section
583 COPPUL SPAN retention notes
59X

Local notes

- 590 : Gift notes

69X Old indigenous subject headings retained for historical purposes. Not to be added manually. See the Indigenous Subject Heading section [link]
903 

Marcive processing note

908 EBA Note

910

Cataloguer's Note: "Enhance the record" - choose Original, Copy, or Revision ; $b XXX: add initials ; $a date is auto-populated 

910 ## $a YYYY-MM $b XXX $c Copy 

- Choose "Copy" for a new record when copy is available; includes updating the record to RDA

910 ## $a YYYY-MM $b XXX $c Original 

- Choose "Original" when creating a new record and no copy is available

910 ## $a YYYY-MM $b XXX $c Revision

- Choose "Revision" when catalogued record exists in Alma; includes importing and overlaying

Past practice: Voyager Cataloguer Note (Do not delete)

NOTE: When adding a new 910 to a record that already has an existing 910, an additional $b and $c will be added to the existing (old) 910. Remove these additional subfields from the old 910.

920

GOBI Invoice Number
921 GOBI Invoice Date

922

GOBI Price
923 GOBI Purchase Order
924 GOBI Fund Code

925

GOBI 5-character Purchase Option Code
935 OCLC Number Pre-Reclamation Load
948 Cataloguer's Initials

960

Serials Solutions and GOBI Data

961 GOBI Notes
965 Local Resource Specs Serials Solutions
970 GOBI Barcode
975 GOBI Collection-level name
976

GOBI Identification Number (Collection ID)

980 GOBI Acquisition Data
981

GOBI Fund Code

984

GOBI Order Key

996 SCUA Local Collection Note
999 In Process Information

 Last revised: 2024-09-12 (LD)

Descriptive Cataloguing

Traditionallly, cataloguing has been broken down into two major areas: descriptive cataloguing and subject cataloguing. Descriptive cataloguing refers to recording details of the resource (title, author, publisher, identifiers like ISBN, etc.). Subject cataloguing involves trying to ascertain what a resource is "about" and choose appropriate terms from subject heading vocabularies or thesauri. An extension of subject cataloguing is classification (assigning a classification number based on topic or authorship from a classification schedule like LCC) and shelflisting (assigning a unique call number to the item in your collection).

Standards for Descriptive Cataloguing

Instructions for how to perform descriptive cataloguing have been given in various content standards throughout the history of cataloguing. Anglo American Cataloguing Rules (AACR) led to a 2nd revision (AACR2) and now RDA is the primary content standard used by libraries (accessed through the RDA Toolkit).

Also useful is the Library of Congress' Descriptive Cataloging Manual (DCM) - accessed through Cataloger's Desktop. The CONSER Cataloging Manual (CCM) is used for Serials. For Special Collections and University Archives material, the Descriptive Cataloguing of Rare Materials offers more specific instruction for rare material in various formats.

Introduction

Subject cataloguing is the second major activity associated with cataloguing (the first is Descriptive Cataloguing). Deciding what a resource is "about" and expressing it in terms present in a controlled vocabulary list is one of the most challenging parts of cataloguing work.

Subject Headings: A practical guide offers overall instruction for how to apply subject headings from Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH).

 

Subject Vocabularies - Names, Titles, and Places

UVic uses the LC Name Authority File exclusively for personal names, corporate bodies, conferences/meetings, uniform titles or name-titles, series titles, and geographic headings. When they function as subjects they appear in the following MARC Bibliographic Fields:

600 - Personal Names as Subjects (with subfield "t" - name.titles as subjects)

610 - Organizations/Corporate Bodies as Subjects

611 - Meetings/Conferences as Subjects

630 - Titles as Subjects

651 - Places as Subject 

 

Topical Subject Vocabularies

Last revised: 2024-07-23 (LD)

UVic Libraries (like most academic libraries in the English speaking world) uses Library of Congress Subject Headings as its primary topical subject vocabulary. 

Subject Vocabulary MARC encoding Instruction
Canadian Subject Headings 650 second indicator 5 Retain English if present ; do not create ; delete French 
FAST (Faceted Application of Subject Terminology) 650 second indicator 7 $2fast Retain if present ; do not validate ; do not create
First Nations House of Learning ($2 fnhl) 650 second indicator 7 $2fnhl Retain if present ; do not create
LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Headings) 650 second indicator 0 Retain and validate if present ; create headings as appropriate
LC Subject Headings for Children's Literature  650 second indicator 1 Delete ; convert to LCSH if possible (see Curriculum section)
MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) 650 second indicator 2 Delete 
National Agricultural Library subject authority file 650 second indicator 3 Delete
Foreign language vocabularies such as:
RVM (Répertoire de vedettes-matière)
GND (Gemeinsame Normdatei)
Plus others
650 second indicator 6 Delete
BISAC Subject Headings
($2 bisacsh)
650 second indicator 7  $2bisacsh Delete
Homosaurus ($2 homoit) 650 second indicator 7  $2homoit Verify and retain if present
Other Subject Vocabularies 650 second indicator 4 / second indicator 7 + $2

We may decide, for specific material in specific use cases, to employ alternative vocabularies. This is particularly true of community or special interest subject vocabularies such as the Homosaurus that may be employed in particular situations.

Indigenous Subject Headings

[revised 2022-04-14 LD]

Background - January 12, 2022

The current Library of Congress Subject Heading “Indians of North America” is present in over 5000 subject headings in Voyager. This heading will be replaced with alternative language but will be retained in the 690 field for historical purposes. The 690 field will only be added for bulk updates / shelf-ready.

Bulk Updates

The following bulk updates will be made to current records in the catalogue and to future batch loaded and shelf-ready records:

  1. Indians of North America WITHOUT geographic subdivisions

Replace Indians of North America with Indigenous peoples $z North America

                    i.  Retain other subdivisions as is

  1. Indians of North America WITH geographic subdivisions

Replace Indians of North America with Indigenous peoples

  1. Retain existing geographic subdivisions as is
  2. Retain other subdivisions as is

Example: Replace Indians of North America $z British Columbia with Indigenous peoples $z British Columbia

  1. Move Indians of North America heading to field 690

690 ## $i Heading retained by UVic Libraries for historical purposes:$a Indians of North America $z British Columbia. $5 CaBViV

Procedure for Cataloguers

For LCSH headings:

  1. Indians of North America WITHOUT geographic subdivisions

Replace Indians of North America with Indigenous peoples $z North America

               i.  Retain other subdivisions as is

  1. Indians of North America WITH geographic subdivisions

Replace Indians of North America with Indigenous peoples

  1. Retain existing geographic subdivisions as is
  2. Retain other subdivisions as is

For FAST headings:

Replace Indians of North America with Indigenous peoples

Do NOT add field 690 for the historical heading.

Examples:

Heading in record Replace with

650 #0 $a Indians of North America

650 #0 $a Indigenous peoples $z North America
650 #7 $a Indians of North America. $2 fast 650 #7 $a Indigenous peoples. $2 fast
650 #0 $a Indians of North America $z British Columbia 650 #0 $a Indigenous peoples $z British Columbia
650 #0 $a Indians of North America $z Canada $x Government relations 650 #0 $a Indigenous peoples $z Canada $x Government relations
650 #0 $a Indians of North America $x Education $z Canada 650 #0 $a Indigenous peoples $x Education $z Canada

 

Introduction

As opposed to what resources are "about" (subject headings) genre headings indicate what resources "are." For example, a biography about Winston Churchill is "about" Winston Churchill and (likely) World War II and so would have those topics as subject headings. The genre headings describe what it "is" and so could be something like "book" or "biography." 

Within MARC, Genre headings are placed in a 655 field.

The relationship between genre and subject headings has traditionally been quite muddled. For many years there was no specific genre vocabulary in use and Library of Congress Subject Headings doubled as a genre vocabulary. Many cataloguers still use Subject Headings in this way. Active Subject Cataloguing practice also applies  "genre subdivisions" for subject headings - marked by subfield v in 600,610,611,630,650, and 651 MARC fields.

 

Genre Vocabularies
Last revised: 2023-06-30 (GLJ)

Genre Vocabulary MARC encoding Instruction
AAT (Getty Art and Architecture Thesaurus) 655 second indicator 7 with subfield $2 aat Retain if present ; do not validate ; do not create except for SCUA material where a specific value is desired.
FAST  655 second indicator 7 with subfield $2 fast

Retain if present ; do not validate ; do not create

LCGFT (Library of Congress Genre Form Terms)

655 second indicator 7 with subfield $2 lcgft

 

655 second indicator 0 may sometimes
be present ; if found to be an authorized
LCGFT term, change to preferred
655 second indicator 7 with subfield $2 lcgft ; delete if not an authorized LCGFT term

Retain and validate if present ; delete if not found to be an authorized term ; we may add in specific cases, i.e.:

  • Board books and Picture puzzles for Curriculum material - see Curriculum section here
  • MLA guidance on using LCGFT for Music 
  • Video Games
MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) 655 second indicator 2 Delete
RBMS (Rare Books and Manuscripts Section - ALA)   Add for SCUA material when appropriate - see the SCUA Cataloguing section here 
TGM (Thesaurus for Graphic Materials - Library of Congress) 655 second indicator 7 with subfield $2 gmgpc Add for SCUA material when appropriate - see the SCUA Cataloguing section here
Other/Unknown (Source not specified) 655 second indicator 4=Source not specified Delete ; do not attempt to validate

 

(LD:20241028 rev.)

Introduction  

Classification usually occurs after subject headings have been chosen and is an important aspect of subject cataloguing. A classification number will be assigned from an existing classification system.

The LC Classification and Shelflisting at UVic Library : A Practical Guide provides further detail on how to construct classification numbers.

 

Classification and Shelflisting

Classification and Shelfisting are distinct processes. Classification is a pure representation of the Classification standard you are working with. Shelflisting is then the process of filing your classified resource into your local collection. 

Usually the Classification number exists in the 050, 055 (Library of Congress Classification) and/or 082 (Dewey Decimal Classification) of the Bibliographic record.

UVic Libraries generally follows the Library of Congress Shelflisting Manual available here (also searchable via ClassWebPlus)

Shelflisting is discussed further in the Holdings section.

 

Translations

Books written in English and translated into other languages are classed with the English edition. Cutter for the translation as per the translation table found in the Library of Congress Classification and Shelflisting Manual - G150.

Note that not all languages are represented on this table. In these cases,  follow the instructions found on CSM G150, page 5, section 3. Languages not listed. 

  • Inuktituk - use x158
    • Inuktitut Hudson* dialect - use x1584
    • Inuktitut Rankin* dialect - use x1586
    • Inuktitut Ungava* dialect - use x1588
  • Plains Cree - use x166

* Dialect names from Inhabit Media

Classification Schemes Used at UVic

As referenced in the Practical Guide, UVic uses several classification schemes.

LCC - Library of Congress Classification. Used for the Mearns-McPherson and Law Collections. Accessed through ClassWebPlus

DDC - Dewey Decimal Classification. Used for the Curriculum Collection and accessed through WebDewey

FC Classification - a Canadian History classification created by Library and Archives Canada. This is used for any material relating specifically to Canadian history in the Mearns-McPherson and Law Collections. The most recent edition (fourth edition) can be accessed through LAC. Also available via GCWiki: BACLAC - Classification for Canadian history - Class FC

PS8000 - The PS8000 classification is used for Canadian Literature in the Mearns-McPherson and Law Collections. 

PS 8000 - Also available via GCWikiBACLAC - Classification for Canadian Literature - Class PS8000

PZ - refer also to G350 - Title Work Letters in Subclass PZ

 

Local Schema and Policies

HA743 has been used for Statistics Canada material - see the UVic Holdings Exceptions section for more details. 

LE3 (Historical Archival Call Numbers) - See the UVic Publications section under Special Collections and University Archives. 

Law - Susan and Glenda
  • Law Periodicals 
  • Law Reports
  • Law Digests
  • Law Statues

Sound Recordings have traditionally been given Accession Numbers - see the Accession Numbers vs. Call Numbers section for more details.

Airphotos and other cartographic resources classification details are included in the Cartographic Resources Section.

Last revised: 2024-07-17 (LD)

Inventory - Holdings

Introduction

Holdings indicate what the library owns and where it is. Holdings data is constructed according to the MARC21 Holdings Standard.

In Alma specifically, it indicates the Library, Location, and Call Number.

Holdings records in Alma are reserved for physical locations and resources. Electronic resources in Alma facilitate access through Portfolios. 

Introduction

The MARC standard for holdings records indicates what specifically the library owns and where to find it. UVic Libraries creates holdings records according to the MARC21 Format for Holdings Data

The following offers specific guidance for holdings record encoding at UVic.

MARC LDR Holdings Field Character UVic Instructions
05 - Record status Alma will add "n" for new when creating a new holdings record. Otherwise leave as is.
06 - Type of record Choose an appropriate value
17 - Encoding level Code as # for "Full" for monographs ; for serials  and integrating resources code as "z"

[Glenda and Susan to speak with Acquisitions to see if other/more values should be added to 008]

MARC 008 Holdings Field Character UVic Instructions
06 -  Receipt, acquisition, or access status Add for serials
07 - Method of acquisition [this seems to me like an acquisitions function and Acquisitions should be updating it  - mostly comes in on the template - need to solidify the Alma default holdings template] Add "g" for gift material ; Add "p" for standing orders/monographic series

583

- COPPUL Span notes - for serials

- Law notes : current and historical

 

852

First Indicator = Shelving scheme

Second Indicator = blank

852 $b = Library in Alma (MAIN or LAW)

852 $c = Location in Alma - open form editor and select value from drop down

852 $h = Classification Part - what is dictated in the classification schedules

852 $i = Item Part - repeatable but DO NOT repeat. Separate the different $i elements with a space only.  (repeated use of "$i" delimiters in Alma has been found to cause errors/omissions of $i data later, when using the 852 form editor)

852 $k = "Call Number Prefix" : used in Law and SC ; we will also use this for certain locations - OVERSIZE among them

  • The following are examples of how we will record 852 fields in Alma:
    ***Note the following changes: a period will precede the first cutter number (not applicable to Dewey call numbers), and a space will be inserted between cutter numbers (applicable to both LC and Dewey call numbers)
    • 852  0\  ‡b MAIN ‡c main ‡h PS3505.H3224 ‡i P66 1989
    • 852  0\  ‡b MAIN ‡c main ‡h HF1359 ‡i .M672 2020
    • 852  0\  ‡b MAIN ‡c ma-scor ‡h M22 ‡i .C23 H395 1999   [Note: the double cutter in this instance is our own convention, not dictated by ClassWeb, and therefore all goes after ‡i ; however, a period is still used to precede the first cutter number.]
    • 852  1\  ‡b MAIN ‡c curr ‡h 823 ‡i M9645 A537 2014   [Note: there is no period preceding the cutter in the case of Dewey call numbers for Curric material.]
    • 852  0\  ‡b LAW ‡c law ‡h KE230.D68 ‡i V47 2021
    • 852  0\  ‡b MAIN ‡c main ‡h GT4883.A2 ‡i D84 2018 v.1   [Note: add volume # to 852 $i only when each volume is on a separate bib record. When multiple volumes/issues are on one bib record, volume # goes in the item. (except for SC material, which have no item records) See Inventory - Items section.]   [Also note: there should always be an added 866 summarized holdings statement for a multi-volume monograph or serial record. See 866 section below.]
  • This is recording the call number according to the MARC21 standard. It also aligns with how our shelf-ready vendors create call numbers and how ClassWeb is searched
  • Old Voyager way: 852 0\  ‡b main ‡h PS3505 ‡i H3224P66 ‡i 1989
  • This method of entering the call number will no longer be used at UVic but 852 fields created in this way will still exist in our catalogue.
  • NOTE: If there is a double cutter, it is no longer necessary to insert a space after the letters O or I.
  • See also: Call Number Labelling Printing 

 

Update from Bibliographic (Alma)

The 852 $h and 852 $i can be updated from the call number in the bibliographic record.

Active window = Holdings

Records Actions > Update from Bibliographic

Alternatively, when saving a new holdings, the 852 $h and 852 $i will be automatically updated from the call number in the bibliographic record.

 

866 for Multi-Volume Monographs

866 \0 $8 0 $a v.1-4

For Serial Holdings, refer to the Formats > Serials > Holdings section.

Shelflisting

As mentioned in the Classification section, Shelflisting is the process of taking your assigned classification number and fitting it into your local shelflist. This process is only for physical material.

UVic Libraries follows the Library of Congress Classification and Shelflisting Manual - available directly or through Catalogers' Desktop.

The Classification : A Practical Guide document discusses this process in context and gives instruction for what to do and how to create unique call numbers that fit the shelf list. 

LC Cutter Table (CSM G63)

PZ - refer also to G350 - Title Work Letters in Subclass PZ

Note that since we are transitioning to a different method of inputting data into the 852 of the item record as of June 28, 2022 and the move to Alma, you will have to conduct two call number browse searches  - one that picks up the previous way of entering the 852 in Voyager and one that shows the shelflist as constructed according to the MARC standard.

852 migrated from Voyager PS35.5 I5G64 2010 AC8 K49 1875
852 updated or new in Alma PS35.5.I5 G64 2010 AC8 .K49 1875

Note the differences in the spacing and the addition of the period in front of the first cutter. These two changes will affect the shelf list and the way you will need to conduct searches when conducting a call number browse.

HA 743

  • HA743 looks like a Library of Congress call number, but it is really a number used by McPherson Library to keep all the Statistics Canada material together by its publication number. Eg. HA743 88-243.
  • In the holdings record the 852 field should be coded as follows:

e.g. 852 : 0 - : ‡b main ‡h HA743 ‡i 88-243

Historically, the first indicator used to be coded 8 for “Other scheme”. Going forward, assign the first indicator as 0. 

NOTE: this discrepancy causes an issue as the call number sort has two separate runs. There is no shelflisting process as the item number reflects the publication number. Therefore all you need to do is to search or browse the catalogue to make sure the number you have in hand isn’t already there. You should search or browse in two different ways: one with no Heading Types filter (to capture LC call numbers in the holding record), another with a Heading Types filter of “Other” to capture holdings records with second indicators of “8.” 

  • To do a Call number search in OPAC, the whole call number must be entered as the search term, e.g. HA743 73-345 (with a space between the HA743 and the 73-345) which returns the Stats Can browse list by call number. Entering only HA743 will return no Stats Can publications because it defaults to the LC call number browse list.

 

Music Scores 

Abbreviations, Words and Phrases for Use in Call Numbers

Abbreviation Use for
Abt. Abteilung - Ger.
annex  
Appdx. Appendix
Bd. Band - Ger.
bk. book
c. copy
fasc. fascicle, fascicule
fiche microfiche
grade  
guide a named "guide" on a multi-volume record such as "Teacher's guide" or a Law "Guide" of some sort
Heft Ger.
index  
item  
kit  
kn. Kniha - Cze.
knj. Knjiga - Serbo-Croatian
level  
Lfg. Lieferung - Ger.
maps  
n.s. new series
n.s.v. new series volume
n.F. neue Folge - Ger.
no. numero - Fre.
no. number
Nr. Nummer - Ger.
o/s No longer used. Use OVERSIZE. See Rubric and location table
op. opus
phase  
plates  
pt. part
ptie partie - Fre.
qd quadraphonic
reel  
score  
sect. Section
ser. series
SER. series - Ger.
sess. Session
sez. sezione - Ita.
st stereophonic
sv. svazek - Cze.
suppl. supplement
t. tom - Rus.; tome - Fre; tomo - Spa.; Por.; Ita.
T. Teil - Ger.; Theil - Old Ger.
Tbd. Teilband - Ger
tape  
unit  
v. volume
vyp vypusk - Rus.
year  

 

Oversize material has been handled in various ways. 

In Voyager most typically we would add a $i to the end of the 852 of the Holdings record to indicate OVERSIZE. 

Going forward we will add this information to $k of the 852 so it shows as a call number prefix on the spine label.

Over time we will transition to using Oversized locations instead of expressing Oversize in the 852.

Call Number Labelling

Spine labels in Alma will be printed using the Spine-O-Matic software (installed on everyone's machines that have a spine label printer).

More information can be found here

 

Rubrics

Some Locations have associated text that get printed on the call number labels.

For a full listing of all location codes and rubrics - as well as how the locations mapped from Voyager to Alma - see the Libraries and Locations section of this LibGuide.

 

Inventory - Items

Items

Items are attached to holdings records and represent a particular physical copy of a resource that we have in our collection.

A holdings record may have several different items (standing in for different physical copies).

In Voyager, standard practice was to create a new holding + item for each new copy. In Alma this is changing and multiple copies will be added as items under the appropriate holdings record.

Item Fields in Alma

Not all information will be filled in at the Item level in Alma. The following provides instruction on what fields can/should have values and how to format the information.

From the Physical Item Editor in Alma - instruction provided for certain fields only. For others leave the data as-is or leave blank.

Alma Item Editor Tab Alma Item Field Entry Instruction
General Barcode Enter / scan the barcode when appropriate.  [Note: Best practice is to scan the barcode in LAST, since doing so will automatically close the entire Physical Item Editor.]
Copy ID Enter a copy number for (1,2,3 etc.) as appropriate. This applies to identical copies.  [Note: Only enter the digit needed, i.e. '1', '2', '3', etc. -- when you print the spine label, Spine-o-matic will add the "c." to precede the digit. It has also been configured to ignore a '1', meaning it won't print "c.1", per our usual practice.]
Material type Choose an appropriate value. For serials and continuations, follow established Material type. This may be configured in Alma to add or delete values over time. .
Item policy Choose an appropriate value. For serials and continuations, follow established Item policy. Follow format specific cataloguing instructions to add an appropriate value. This dictates how the item will circulate.
Enumeration A For multi-volume sets and serials that have items. Add abbreviations according to the Call Number Abbreviation table. (see Abbreviations for Use in Call Numbers tab of Inventory-Holdings section)  Do not leave a space between the abbreviation and the number. Example: v.1 NOT v. 1
Enumeration B May be required when there is more than one enumeration on the item. Example volume 5, number 19 is listed on the resource. Enter as Enumeration A: v.5 | Enumeration B: no.19
Chronology I For Serials. Add a chronological designation as appropriate. Follow the existing established pattern for the resource if available. 
Chronology J For Serials. Add a chronological designation as appropriate. Follow the existing established pattern for the resource if available. 
Description

This field will pull data from the enumeration and chronology fields (by clicking on Generate but also by saving the item record)

If there is enumeration and/or chronology information in the item record, the Description field should be generated upon saving. Spine-O-Matic pulls the volume number, year, etc. from the Description field.

Inventory number

Will contain the Voyager Item ID.

If applicable, will also contain the COPPUL SPAN note.

Location Information These fields will be populated from the Holdings record
Temporary Location Information Change to a temporary location when appropriate. This will mostly be used by Access Services staff at MAIN and LAW. 
ENUM/CHRON Enum. and Chron. Used for entering enumeration and chronology. What you put here will appear in the General tab in the Enumeration and Chronology fields (and vice versa).
Pattern Information Ignore this section
Notes Public Note Can be used for public notes associated with an item
Fulfillment Note Used by Access Services for fulfillment notes.
Metadata staff may also use a Fulfillment Note for a "Route to Metadata..." type of note, when we want to flag an item for cataloguing review, etc.
(a Fulfillment Note will pop up at Access Staff upon discharge/scan in item.)
Internal Notes Non-public notes related to the item.
Statistics Notes Statistical notes related to the item.
History Indicates all actions that have been taken on the item.

 

Music & Media Item Fields in Alma

For Music & Media call numbers, see also the following LibGuide sections:

Music Scores

Sound Recordings

Alma Item Editor Tab Alma Item Field Entry Instruction
General Barcode Enter / scan the barcode when appropriate.  [Note: Best practice is to scan the barcode in LAST, since doing so will automatically close the entire Physical Item Editor.]
Copy ID Enter a copy number for (1,2,3 etc.) as appropriate. This applies to identical copies.  [Note: Only enter the digit needed, i.e. '1', '2', '3', etc. -- when you print the spine label, Spine-o-matic will add the "c." to precede the digit. It has also been configured to ignore a '1', meaning it won't print "c.1", per our usual practice.]
Material type

Choose an appropriate value:

  • ELEC (Migrated Games from Voyager)
  • Music Score
  • Other (Migrated DVD, VHS items from Voyager)
  • Sound Recording (use for CDs, vinyl, cassettes)

 

Item policy

Choose an appropriate value. 

  • cassette (use for cassettes)
  • cd (use for CDs)
  • film (use for VHS?)
  • game (computer game)
  • reel 
  • score (use for music scores)
  • smallvinyl (use for records under 12")
  • video (use for DVDs, VHS)
  • vinylrec (use for 12" records)

 

Enumeration A For multi-volume sets and serials that have items. Add abbreviations according to the Call Number Abbreviation table. Do not leave a space between the abbreviation and the number. Example: v.1 NOT v. 1
Enumeration B May be required when there is more than one enumeration on the item. Example volume 5, number 19 is listed on the resource. Enter as Enumeration A: v.5 | Enumeration B: no.19
Chronology I For Serials. Add a chronological designation as appropriate. Follow the existing established pattern for the resource if available. 
Chronology J For Serials. Add a chronological designation as appropriate. Follow the existing established pattern for the resource if available. 
Description

This field will pull data from the enumeration and chronology fields (by clicking on Generate but also by saving the item record)

If there is enumeration and/or chronology information in the item record, the Description field should be generated upon saving. Spine-O-Matic pulls the volume number, year, etc. from the Description field.

Inventory number

Will contain the Voyager Item ID.

If applicable, will also contain the COPPUL SPAN note.

Location Information These fields will be populated from the Holdings record
Temporary Location Information Change to a temporary location when appropriate. 
ENUM/CHRON Enum. and Chron. Used for entering enumeration and chronology. What you put here will appear in the General tab in the Enumeration and Chronology fields (and vice versa).
Pattern Information Ignore this section
Notes Public Note Can be used for public notes associated with an item
Fulfillment Note Used by Access Services for fulfillment notes.
Metadata staff may also use a Fulfillment Note for a "Route to Metadata..." type of note, when we want to flag an item for cataloguing review, etc.
(a Fulfillment Note will pop up at Access Staff upon discharge/scan in item.)
Internal Notes Non-public notes related to the item.
Statistics Notes Statistical notes related to the item.
History Indicates all actions that have been taken on the item.

Draft July 22/Susan

Background and History:

  • Material type: For serials and continuations, follow established Material type.
  • Item policy: For serials and continuations, follow established Item policy. (Review of law item policy required.) Align with main best practices whenever possible.
  • Bound issues of serials: Item records were created and barcodes added to bound issues of serials and indexes. The enumeration/chronology added to the item record did not always reflect what was on the bound issues, but rather matched the enumeration/chronology assigned by bindery staff and added by the binder to the spine of the bound issues. Serial issues are no longer sent for binding.
  • "Place holder" item records: Item records were created to communicate a location or other information in Voyager OPAC. This is no longer current best practice. Item records should only be created for physical items.
  • As in main, Call number formats for continuations will be updated to reflect current best practice

 

 

 

 

Special Collections and University Archives Item Fields in Alma

Refer also to SCUA Item Records, Processing and Locations section

Not all information will be filled in at the Item level in Alma. The following provides instruction on what fields can/should have values and how to format the information.

Alma Item Editor Tab Alma Item Field Entry Instruction
General Barcode Enter / scan the barcode.  [Note: Best practice is to scan the barcode in LAST, since doing so will automatically close the entire Physical Item Editor.]
  Copy ID Enter a copy number for (1,2,3 etc.) as appropriate. This applies to identical copies.  [Note: Only enter the digit needed, i.e. '1', '2', '3', etc. -- when you print the spine label, Spine-o-matic will add the "c." to precede the digit. It has also been configured to ignore a '1', meaning it won't print "c.1", per our usual practice.]
  Material type Choose an appropriate value. For serials and continuations, follow established Material type. 
  Item policy  [Do not add. The location determines the item policy]
  PO Line For SC purchased items, add POL, i.e. 367495-uvicdb
  Receiving date For SC purchased items, add receiving date (use date when item has been added)
  Enumeration A For multi-volume sets and serials that have items. Add abbreviations according to the Call Number Abbreviation table. Do not leave a space between the abbreviation and the number. Example: v.1 NOT v. 1
  Enumeration B May be required when there is more than one enumeration on the item. Example volume 5, number 19 is listed on the resource. Enter as Enumeration A: v.5 | Enumeration B: no.19
  Chronology I For Serials. Add a chronological designation as appropriate. Follow the existing established pattern for the resource if available. 
  Chronology J For Serials. Add a chronological designation as appropriate. Follow the existing established pattern for the resource if available. 
  Description

This field will pull data from the enumeration and chronology fields (by clicking on Generate but also by saving the item record)

  Inventory number

Will contain the Voyager Item ID.

If applicable, will also contain the COPPUL SPAN note.

  Location Information These fields will be populated from the Holdings record
  Temporary Location Information Do not use
ENUM/CHRON Enum. and Chron. Used for entering enumeration and chronology. What you put here will appear in the General tab in the Enumeration and Chronology fields (and vice versa).
  Pattern Information Ignore
Notes Public Note Can be used for public notes associated with an item
  Fulfillment Note Used by Access Services for fulfillment notes.
  Internal Notes Non-public notes related to the item.
  Statistics Notes Statistical notes related to the item.
History   Indicates all actions that have been taken on the item.

 

Last revised: 2022-07-25 (GLJ)

Scan In Items

When all cataloguing is complete and the barcoded item is ready for processing, the last step will be to scan in the item in order to change the process type to "Transit For Reshelving"

This last step must be done for all barcoded items, whether monographs, serials, purchases or gifts.

Procedure:

  • Ensure Location is: Mearns-McPherson Library - MAIN Acquisitions Department
  • Fulfillment > Resource Request > Scan In Items   (or access "Scan In Items" via your quick link bar at the top of the screen.)
  • Set Status to: Cataloguing
  • Click Done - Yes
  • Scan item barcode

Item will now have the Process Type: Transit For Reshelving*
*Note: If the first scan in does not set it to Transit for Reshelving, simply scan it in again. Let a supervisor know if the problem persists.

Last revised: 2024-10-03 (GLJ)

FOR SCUA ITEMS ONLY*

(*OR FOR THE EXCEPTIONAL ITEM BYPASSING THE USUAL ACCESS SERVICES END-PROCESSING TRUCK WORKFLOW ; e.g. Reference Workroom or Tec location materials)

Items for Special Collections and University Archives will be scanned in again by Metadata to remove the "Transit for Reshelving" status

NOTE: The "Circulation Desk Operator, Mearns-McPherson Desk" Fulfillment user role is required to update the status.

Follow these steps:

  1. Change your physical location to: Mearns-McPherson Library - Mearns-McPherson Desk

  1. Use: Fulfillment > Scan In Items > Scan item barcode

Scan item barcode to update the destination to "Reshelve to Special Collections"

To add an item to holdings from Search Result:

1. From List of Items:

  • Confirm item in hand matches record. View bibliographic record if necessary (click on title).
  • Click "Items" (or select from ellipsis/drop down) to bring up "List of Items"
  • Click "+Add Item" to open Physical Item Editor
  • Skip Barcode field. Update all other fields as appropriate (see Field Guide tabs)
  • Save and Edit. 
  • Scan in Barcode. Editor will automatically close

2. From List of Holdings:

  • Confirm item in hand matches record. View bibliographic record if necessary (click on title).
  • Click "Holdings" (or select from ellipsis/drop down) to bring up "List of Holdings"
  • Click Row Items List ellipsis > Select "View Items" from dropdown > List of items
  • Click "+Add Item" to open Physical Item Editor
  • Skip Barcode field. Update all other fields as appropriate (see Field Guide tabs)
  • Save and Edit. 
  • Scan in Barcode. Editor will automatically close

 

 

Electronic Inventory - Portfolios

Electronic Inventory

Within Alma, electronic inventory is tracked in something called a "Portfolio". The Metadata Unit will generally not have to create these as they will be managed by Acquisitions and Electronic Resources.

However, there will be cases where we have to catalogue electronic resources.

The major difference between electronic resource handling in Alma and Voyager is that Alma pulls the access links out of the 856 MARC field of the bibliographic record into the Portfolio.

This is true of links that would be encoded:

856 40  $u

856 41  $u

For 856 with a second indicator 2 the link will remain in the bibliographic record as it does not link to the actual resource (or a version of it).

See the Alma Portfolio Field Guide tab for information on how to fill out the Portfolio.

Adding or Editing a Portfolio in Alma

The Metadata Unit will ignore the following sections of the Portfolio as these are managed by E-Resources Staff:

- Decriptive Information

- General Information

- Coverage Information

 

Inventory and Linking Information section

Portfolio Field Content Instructions
URL Add the URL to the resource or the version of the resource.
Proxy Enabled If access is only available to UVic users, choose "Yes" ; if it is a free e-resource, click "No"
Proxy Selected Click on "Default" if you selected Yes to the above
Availability Status Click on Active
Electronic Material Type Choose an appropriate value from the list.

Notes

Portfolio Field Content Instructions
Authentication note Generally ignore.
Public note Use as you would have previously used an 856 $z field for notes related to the URL/Electronic Access that should be viewable by Users
Internal description Use as you would have previously used an 856 $x field for notes related to the URL/Electronic Access that should NOT be viewable by Users

 

Headings and Authorities

Authority Records

Authority records provide descriptions of entities (people, corporate bodies, places, subjects, series, genre etc.) as opposed to specific resources. They usually include an authorized / preferred form of name as well as cross references and other information that will help disambiguate that entity from other entities with the same name. This preferred textual form of the entity is applied within "access points" or "headings" in the bibliographic record.

Authority records (within mainstream cataloguing) are encoded according to the MARC21 Authority Format but are useful during the act of cataloguing as we create bibliographic records. For particular types of headings in the bibliographic record (e.g. subjects, personal names, genre, corporate bodies, series titles, etc.) we will draw from one or more sources of authority records. The following list the authority record sources we use for the various types of headings in the bibliographic records.

Names

UVic Libraries uses the Library of Congress/NACO Authority File (LCNAF) exclusively for name authority headings. We have used the Library and Archives Name Authority File in the past but that file has since been merged with the LCNAF.

The LCNAF is used for persons, organizations, events, places, and titles (including series titles) and these headings occur in the following MARC Bibliographic Fields:

100 - Personal Names

110 - Corporate Bodies

111 - Meetings

130 - Titles

If you find an authority for any of these entities in the LCNAF use that form. If your entity is not available in the LCNAF you will still construct a heading in your bibliographic record according to RDA - ensuring that:

a) It is a distinct heading from headings available in LCNAF

b) It aligns with headings that already exist in our local catalogue (Alma's Institution Zone)

If an authority record does not exist in the LCNAF but you feel that it should for your entity, see the Creating New LC Name Authority Records section.

Subjects

See the Subject Cataloguing section for futher information on the subjects and subject authority files we use.

 

 

 

 

 

Revising LC Name Authority File Records

UVic Libraries is a member of the NACO Canada Funnel and NACO CJK Funnel : we have completed NACO training and review and continue to contribute new and revised authority records to LCNAF.

If you notice that an LCNAF record needs to be revised or you think a new LCNAF authority record should be created when there isn't one, report it through the UVic Library Authority Form.

 

How Headings and Authority Records Work in Alma

As of June 28, 2022, UVic Libraries will be relying on Alma's Community Zone (CZ) for authority records. Headings in Bibliographic Records in the Institution Zone will be linked to these CZ authority records.When the authority records in the CZ update, the linked headings in the bibliographic records will be updated.

From headings in the Bibliographic Record in Alma you will validate each heading. You can do this by pressing F3 and an authority heading browse for that field will open up.

Choosing an Appropriate Authority Record for your Heading

For 100 fields, for example, you will be taken to the LCNAMES authority file (as maintained by Ex Libris in the Community Zone). You will also see "Headings from Bibliographic Records" to see other bibliographic records that use the terms in your heading.

From within the heading selection screen you will notice some icons:

  • a star means that it is the authorized term - View to see the Authority record, Select to select that authority record for your heading
  • no star means it is a cross-reference/non-preferred term - View to see the Authority record (and the authorized term), Select will select that authority record and its corresponding authorized term
  • a link means that the heading in your bibliographic record is already linked to that authority record

When you are happy with the authority select it and you will be taken back to your bibliographic record.

 

Headings in Your Bibliographic Record

Icons should be present in your heading for the authority record:

indicates that your heading is linked to a Community Zone Authority Record

 indicates that your heading is partially linked to a Community Zone Authority Record. This would be the case if you had a valid subject heading but had added additional subdivisions that were not directly in LCSH

 

What If I Don't Find an Appropriate Authority Record in the Community Zone?

For name, title, meeting headings, you will want to ensure that the form of name in your bibliographic record is differentiated from any LCNAF headings. You should also search the Alma Institution Zone for other Bibliographic Records that use that heading and use the form of name that already exists in the catalogue. 

For topical subjects, you will need to find an appropriate value in LCSH that can be applied.

Local Authorities

Local authorities have not been migrated from Voyager to Alma. As of June 28th, 2022, local authority records will no longer be created. The fuctionality exists to create local authority records in Alma, however, so we may wish to revisit this decision if the need arises.

Instead of creating local authorities we are going to count on people doing a thorough search for their headings within Alma to see if they exist. If they do, that existing form should be used. If they don't, create a unique heading that is differentiated from what's in the catalogue and the LCNAF. 

The decision as to whether a heading requires an authority record (and therefore trigger a request through the Authority Form) will rely on a couple of factors:

1. Is it of local significance? In other words, is it an entity that is locally relevant or important for which you think an authority record would constitute a unique entry to the global authority landscape? Or perhaps it is a heading you expect will need to be used in many bibliographic records at UVic now or in the future

2. You think it would otherwise be of signficance to other institutions who may wish to use that heading

 

 

Voyager Series authority records can be viewed as follows:

Searching for Bibliographic Records

Search the Institution Zone to check whether the resource already has a record.

Is the record already in the Institution Zone and it has pre-existing Inventory?

Then add the item as an additional copy or volume. Note that holdings and items work differently in Alma (as compared to Voyager). If the Library and Location are identical in Alma, the additional copy should be added as an additional item under that holding. Follow the instructions in the Inventory - Items section.

Note: this instruction does not apply to SCUA material or other items (like serials) that may not have items attached to their holdings. In the case of SCUA material, additional copies will continue to be created at the holdings level.

Is the record already in the Institution Zone but the item in hand is the first holding?

Chances are the record was brought in by Acquisitions. Follow the copy cataloguing guidelines to search OCLC (and possibly other sources) for copy.

If there is no record in the Institution Zone ...

Attempt to find copy from OCLC Connexion or other sources. If a good quality record can't be found, proceed to original cataloguing.

 

See the Searching Alma section of the LibGuide.

Duplicate Copies

Policy Change: One holding for duplicate copies with exact call number, library and location 

  1. Do not add multiple holdings for the same location and call number – instead multiple copies will be added to one holdings for the same location and same call number 

  1. Continue to create multiple holdings for duplicate SCUA items and periodicals

 

Recommended Copy Cataloguing Workflow

View below for further detail about general Copy Cataloguing options in Alma:

1.  Search for your record in OCLC Connexion (the searching is much more powerful)

2. Copy the OCLC number of the record you want to bring into Alma

3. Do a Search Resources search in Alma -> target of Worldcat -> paste in the OCLC number : this will give you an exact search

4. View / Import / Merge Record into Alma – usually View then Merge Preview

Copy Cataloguing in Alma

When cataloguing in Alma you may wish to use bibliographic records from other institutions to either enhance your bibliographic record or to start with a record from elsewhere (instead of original cataloguing).

There are a few different ways to bring in bibliographic records from other places.

Search External Resources Within Alma

If you want to search other libraries for copy or search Worldcat directly you can do so within Alma through "Search Resources." This is available in Alma from the Resources menu on the left hand side of your screen.

Alternatively, if you are starting from within the Metadata Editor you can go to the Search and Browse menu --> Search Resources

Once you select Search Resources you will be given a drop down of Sources (Search Cataloguing Profile) you can search. These are essentially Z39.50 or SRU targets. The available list of external resources can be configured and other available libraries can be added - please speak to your supervisor if there are any other sources you'd like added (the full list of available institutions is available in the Ex Libris documentation).

Enter your search terms and carry out a search on your preferred source of record (we suggest you start with Worldcat since that has the highest likelihood of finding a matching record). Note that if you begin from the Metadata Editor and Search and Browse menu --> Search Resources the next steps will behave differently depending on whether you are actively editing a record or not.

If you are currently editing a bibliographic record and it is in the editing pane in the Metadata Editor ...

... and you click on Search Resources you will notice that many of the fields are already filled out (taken from your active record you are currently editing). It is likely that this will result in an unsuccessful search as it is often too specific. You can clear some of the search fields or to clear all of them you can click on Clear at the bottom of the Search Resources screen.

Important to note, also, that if you include "System Number" in your search it overrides all other fields. If you are not completely positive about the system number (i.e. it is not from OCLC or LC) it is best to delete this value from your search.

Once you carry out your search, you will wind up wth some search results. Note that this will result in your record being minimized and pushed all the way to the left (marked below with a red line highlighted in yellow). 

You will be presented with five options:

View means that you can View the record from the external system to see if it's a good candidate to bring into the database. It will bring the MARC record from the external source up on the right. Note: Often this is all you want and may only need to bring some data in (i.e. subject headings, edition statements, authors, contents or other notes, etc.). From this screen you can "Ctrl + C" any data to copy it and then paste it in the record in our database your are currently editing (Ctrl + V).

Import means that you are ready to bring in the record from the external source and will be imported into our database as a draft [you can tell this since the 001 is still from an external source, not one of our MMS IDs] . The system will try to find a match for your record in our database (based on pre-existing criteria) so it knows what record needs to be overlaid.

If the external record matches more than one record in UVic's database it will ask if you'd like to view them (that is the matching UVic records). Once you've selected the appropriate record, click on Copy & Overlay, Copy & Merge, Merge Preview (explained below). If you click on Save it will save this record to the database.

Copy & Overlay Copies the record from the external system and completely overlays the record from UVic’s database that is active in the Metadata Editor. No local fields are retained.

Copy & Merge copies the record from the external system and “Merges” it with the record from UVic’s database that is active in the Metadata Editor. It does this, though, without a chance for you to look at it first. Note that the Merge Rules (which records are kept in the local record vs. the incoming external record) are customizable.

Merge Preview copies the record from the external system and “merges” it with the record from UVic’s database that is active in the Metadata Editor. It first gives you a chance for you to look at it.

Merge Preview is the preferred choice if you are bringing a record in and overlaying so you can see before you replace the record exactly what 

If you are NOT currently editing a bibliographic record in the editing pane in the Metadata Editor ...

... you would Search Resources from either the Resources menu or the Metadata Editor --> Search & Browse. No fields will be auto filled in the search screen (since there is no active record to draw from). 

From the Search Results you will also likely notice that there are fewer options (since you are not making reference to an existing record). You will only see View and Import.

If you just want to look at the record (or copy and paste some fields) you can click on View.

If you click on Import it will bring the record in as a Draft into your Metadata Editor. When you Save it, it will attempt to match against existing records in our database. If it matches to one or more records in UVic's database, it will show you the matches (if you wish) where you can take further action - either choose the correct record and choose whether to Edit the existing record in our database, Copy & Overlay, Copy & Merge, Merge Preview, or Push the record to the MDE.

 
Search in Connexion and Export Directly to Alma [coming soon]

Alma has the capability to connect directly with OCLC Connexion so that once you press Export   the bib record arrives in Alma directly.

The record coming in from Connexion saves and overlays records automatically (without your intervention). This behaviour is governed in Alma via the Match and Merge Rules specified in the OCLC Connexion Integration Profile.

This also requires some setup on your local workstation / version of Connexion software.

It is not currently recommended as we are not sure we trust the automatic match between Connexion and Alma.

 

 

 

 

 

Copy Cataloguing - What's a Good Record?

If you are looking for copy in OCLC Connexion/Worldcat or other institutions: what should you look for? The following offers some guidance.

 

1. Find copy that matches what you have in hand

The most important thing is to try to match the copy to what you have in hand: format, publication details, and identifiers.
Format

Connexion/Worldcat is full of every imaginable record for all types of formats but you will want to make sure that you are honing in (whenever possible) to the format for the record you have in hand. Connexion may pre-filter your search according to format if there are a large amount of search results. 

If there are fewer search results you will not see this screen. In that case you will be faced with search results for all different formats.When examining the MARC record there are indications of what format the MARC record represents. 

RDA Content, Media, and Carrier Fields

These fields replaced the 245 subfield h (General Material Designation) prevalent in AACR2 cataloguing.

  • the 336 MARC indicates the Content Type.
    • the list of values in 336 subfield a is available here: https://www.loc.gov/standards/valuelist/rdacontent.html
    • indicates the "type" of content
    • some common values are:
      • text - for textual material (most material we deal with)
      • notated music - for scores
      • performed music - cd/dvd/streaming music
  • the 337 MARC field indicates the Media Type
    • the list of values in 337 subfield a is available here: https://www.loc.gov/standards/valuelist/rdamedia.html
    • indicates values that may require mediation (or not) to interact with
    • some common values are:
      • unmediated - would be present for the vast majority of our material - including physical books and serials
      • computer - for ebooks since you need equipment to interact with it
      • audio - recordings that require a playback device of some kind
  • the 338 MARC field indicates the Carrier Type
    • the list of values in 338 subfield a is available here: https://www.loc.gov/standards/valuelist/rdacarrier.html
    • indicates the carrier of the media that is represented by the resource
    • some common values are:
      • volume - for physical books and serials
      • online resource - for ebooks and other e-resources
      • videodisc - for DVDs
      • audiodisc - for CDs
Other Fields that Indicate Format

You can also look to make sure you are bringing in a record for the correct format by looking at the following fields:

  • LDR - characters 06 and 07 - this one is kind of hard to read but super useful. Note that if you are counting characters in the LDR field you start counting from "0".
    • Character 06 will tell you if it is "language material" : code a - the default for textual material. 
    • Character 07 will tell you if it's a monograph or serial (or integrating resource)
  • 008 - especially the Form of Item after clicking on the appropriate format (i.e. character 23 for Books) - it will tell you if it is electronic (code s) or Online (code o)
  • The presence of an 007 field also tells you that the record is for a non-textual resource (either in whole or part)
  • The 300 MARC field (especially subfield a) is another good place to check to see the format of the record you are bringing in. If you see a value in subfield a of "online resource" then the record is for an electronic version. If it just indicates "volume or pages" the record is for a print resource.
Publication Details

In addition to checking the format of the record, also confirm that you are bringing in a record for the exact publication. Examine the following fields:

  • Title (MARC 245) and Author (1XX or 7XX) - should both match
  • 264 - make sure the Publisher (subfield b) and Publication date (subfield c) match what you have in hand. The "Place of Publication" (subfield a) should also match but this data point may not be as reliable
  • 260 - if a record was catalogued according to AACR2 instead of RDA the publication details may be present in a 260 field instead of 264
  • 250 - Edition Statement. This should match the record you have in hand
  • 300- Physical Details. Check the pagination [subfield b] if you are not confident of a match
Identifiers

Identifiers also sometimes give you a solid match point to determine whether you have the correct record.

  • 020 - the ISBN can be used to indicate a match BUT since ISBNs for many types of formats are on the same record this may not be reliable
  • 022 - the ISSN for serials is a reliable match point
  • 010 - the Library of Congress control number is usually very reliable - to make sure you have the correct record for the item in hand

 

2. Bring in a Good MARC Record

Besides ensuring you are brining in a record that matches format and publication details, you will next want to ensure you are bringing in a MARC record of good quality (whenever possible) and that is catalogued according to RDA and in English . The following are general markers of quality in a MARC record:

  • Language of Cataloguing. The 040 subfield b will indicate the language of Cataloguing (NOT the language of the resource). Check to make sure this is "eng" for English. UVic Libraries only adds English-catalogued MARC records to its catalogue.
  • Make Sure the Record is catalogued according to RDA. This will be clear from a few MARC fields:
    • 040 subfield e should have a value of "rda"
    • LDR character 18 will have a value of "i"
    • There will be RDA-specific MARC fields: 264, 336, 337, 338 etc.
  • See if Library of Congress Catalogued it. If the 040 subfield a, c, and/or d say DLC that means the record was created by the Library of Congress. These are usually high-quality records.
  • Does it have a 050 or 082 field? For Curriculum material, try to bring in a record that already has a Dewey Classification Number (082 MARC field). For all other locations, ensure that the record has a 050 - preferably second indicator 0 (for Library of Congress Classification Number)
  • Does it have Subject Headings? Try to bring in a record that already has valid subject headings in it. Check the 600, 610, 611, 660, 651 for headings that have second indicator of 0. This means that the Library of Congress Name Authority File or Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) are already present in the record.

 

 

 

Alma Record Enhancement

In Alma, templates and normalization rules are both ways to quickly and accurately create and update bibliographic and holdings records. In the Metadata Editor, templates can be created with pre-defined fields. These fields will be particularly helpful when creating original records. The normalization rules are also a quick way to add fields that are repeatedly being added to records. For example, the 561 gift note for SCUA material.

Normalization rules are used to update or change metadata within a single bibliographic or holdings record in the Metadata Editor or to a group of records using an import profile. These rules can be used to update/add/delete a specific field(s), update incorrect metadata, etc. The rule is written following a syntax called DROOLS. The easiest way to create a new normalization rule is to duplicate an existing rule and edit it. Yoel Kortick from Ex Libris has created this comprehensive list of examples: Yoel's Alma Normalization Rule Examples

Within the Metadata Editor, the "Enhance the Record" Editing Action is used to apply a pre-defined normalization rule to a record.

For more information see Working with Normalization Rules.

When you are unable to find copy, rather than starting with a blank record, you can use a template that has predefined fields and subfields  Templates can be shared or private.

Add templates to Metadata Editor:

  • New > Templates display configuration > [Toggle on desired templates] > Save

Use a template 

  • New > MARC21 Bibliographic (or MARC21 Holdings) > [template] 

Currently there are the following UVic bibliographic templates set up: 

  1. UVic Books (Default) 
  2. UVic Music Scores 
  3. UVic Serials 
  4. UVic Streaming Video 
  5. UVic Maps 
  6. UVic Video Recording 
Creative Commons License
This work by The University of Victoria Libraries is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License unless otherwise indicated when material has been used from other sources.