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How to Choose a Visualization

Color

Tools to Help Pick Colours

https://colorbrewer2.org/

Web tool for guidance in choosing choropleth map color schemes, based on the research of Dr. Cynthia Brewer. Built and maintained by Axis Maps.

projects.susielu.com/viz-palette 

Create and test pallets for your visualizations on pre-existing data visualizations.

tristen.ca/hcl-picker

Mathematicly calculated colour palettes.  

Colorpicker for Data is built off Gregor Aisch's article How To Avoid Equidistant HSV Colors and the color conversion library chroma.js.

Colour Best Practices

Try not to use colour as the only distinguishing characteristic for identifying data chunks. But if you do, and generally, try to follow these best practices.

Unnecessary Colour

Don't use unnecessary colour. In this example, the x-axis already labels the categories (a,b,c,d), so differentiating by colour is not needed.

Number of Colours

Avoid using too many colours, people can become confused and overwhelmed. Some sources say no more than 6, some say no more than 10, in one visualization.

Types of palettes

Top = sequential data (e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5). Change the intensity of a hue.
Middle = categories (e.g. math, science, languages, etc.). Use colours with distinctly different names.
Bottom = diverging (e.g. -2 °c,  -1 °c, 0 °c, 1 °c, 2 °c ). Use 2 hues with different names that merge in the middle. 

Cultural Implications

Always consider cultural implication of colour (e.g. green= good and red=bad, blue=cold and red=hot, etc.)

Colour Blindness

Some colour combinations are hard for people with colour blindness to distinguish. Avoid these colour combinations: green-red, green-brown, blue-purple, green-blue, light green- yellow, blue-gray, green-gray, and green-black

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